Since the introduction of the concept of anatomic liver resection in 1980’s, it has been gradually gaining popularity as an ideal liver surgery with oncological and technical advantages. In this lecture, the following topics will be covered: history of anatomic resection, definition of anatomic resection, anatomic background, technical background including IO-US and volumetry, oncological rationale, technical rationale, technical tips and pitfalls, recent advance including ICG fluorescence, 3D-simulation, and lap liver resection.