Biliary tract cancer (BTC), including intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (IHCC), extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (EHCC), ampulla of Vater cancer (AVC) and gallbladder cancer (GBC), accounts for 3% of all gastrointestinal malignancies. The incidence of BTC is increasing globally and is generally higher in Asian countries than inWestern countries, especially IHCC in Thailand, China and South Korea. In general, incidence of IHCC is higher than that of EHCC in Asian countries, while the opposite occurs in Western countries. In Taiwan, the incidence of GB cancer and EHCC was stable at 3/100000, but the incidence of IHCC was increasing, esp in male.